The imperative form is used to express an order when we want someone to do something and for this purpose, either direct imperative or polite imperative form is used.

 

A-Direct Imperative

 

     In general, imperative forms are available for two personal pronouns, namely 2.person singular (Naaya) and 2.person plural (Kusaa)

     If the direct order is given to 2.person Sg. (naaya), then the suffix ‘-ke’ at the end of the infinitive verb is simply removed and the remaining verb root is used as direct imperative.

Ex :  lee-ke = to read   →   Lee ! = Read !

 

     If the direct order is given to 2.person Pl. (kusaa), then the suffix “-sa” is added at the end of the verb root.

Ex :  lee-ke = to read   →   Leesa ! = Read !

 

Infinitive Verb Form                  Imperative for “Naaya”                Imperative for “Kusaa”

Baeke (to stay)                              Bae ! (Stay !)                            Baesa ! ( Stay !)

Kuake (to work)                            Kua ! (Work !)                           Kuasa ! ( Work !)

Nuoke (to collect)                         Nuo ! (Collect !)                        Nuosa ! (Collect !)

Fuke   (to finish)                            Fu ! (Finish !)                             Fusa ! (Finish !)

Cake (to climb)                            Ca ! (Climb !)                           Casa ! (Climb !)

 

Negative Imperative of the Verbs is quite simple, just insert the negative status indicator “in” in the very beginning of the sentence.

 

For 2.Person Singular (Naaya);

Infinitive Verb Form                   Positive Imperative Form               Negative Imperative Form

Luke (to sing)                                  Lu ! (Sing !)                             In Lu ! (Do not Sing !)

Vaake (to write)                               Vaa ! (Write !)                        In Vaa ! (Do not Write !)      

Naruake (to stand up)                      Narua ! (Stand up !)                In Narua ! (Do not Stand up !)

Zanuke (to cook)                             Zanu ! (Cook !)                       In Zanu ! (Do not Cook !)

Zuke (to explain)                             Zu !(Explain !)                         In Zu ! (Do not Explain !)

 

For 2.Person Plural (Kusaa);

Infinitive Verb Form                   Positive Imperative Form                Negative Imperative Form

Luke (to sing)                                  Lusa ! (Sing !)                         In Lusa ! (Do not Sing !)

Vaake (to write)                              Vaasa ! (Write !)                     In Vaasa ! (Do not Write !)      

Naruake (to stand up)                     Naruasa ! (Stand up !)             In  Naruasa ! (Do not Stand up !)

Zanuke (to cook)                            Zanusa ! (Cook !)                    In Zanusa ! (Do not cook !)

Zuke (to explain)                            Zusa !(Explain !)                      In Zusa ! (Do not explain !)

 

 

B-Polite Imperative

 

    The polite imperative form is one feature of the subjunctive form in Kunaka and since the subjunctive form is a very broad chapter that includes many other grammatical features of Kunaka language as well, it would be better to study Subjunctive form in the following chapter in details.

 

Chapter Test - 6

 

1- Please chose the correct imperative form of the verb “naruake : to stand up”,  note that the order is given to 2.person singular

 

a) Narua !       b) Naruasa !      c) In Narua !      d) In Naruasa !      e) Naruane !

 

2- Please chose the negative imperative form of the above-given verb for 2.person singular

 

a) Naruasa !    b) In Narua !      c) In Naruasa !    d) In Naruane !    e) Narua !

 

3- Please chose the correct imperative form of the verb “roke : to think”,  note that the order is given to 2.person plural

 

a) Ro !         b) Rosa !         c) In Rosa !        d) In Ro !         e) Rone !

 

4- Please chose the negative imperative form of the above-given verb for 2.person plural

                                                        

a) Rone !       b) Ro !        c) In Rosa !         d) In Ro !        e) In Rone !

 

5- Please chose the correct imperative form of the verb “luke : to sing”,  note that the order is given to 2.person plural

 

a) In Lune !         b) In Lusa !         c) Lune !           d) Lu !          e) Lusa ! 

                                                                                                                  

6- Please chose the negative imperative form of the above-given verb for 2.person plural

 

a) In Lusa !        b) Ka Lusa !       c) Ka Lu !        d) Lu !        e) Lusa !

                                                                                                  

7- Please chose the correct imperative form of the verb “zake : to eat”,  note that the order is given to 2.person singular

 

a) In Za !           b) Za !          c) Zake !           d) Zane !             e) Zasa !

 

8- Please chose the negative imperative form of the above-given verb for 2.person singular

 

a) Zane !         b) In Zasa !        c) In Zake          d) Zake !         e) In Za !

 

9- Please chose the correct imperative form of the verb “like : to drink”,  note that the order is given to 2.person plural

 

a) In Lisa !      b) In Li !        c) Line !        d) Li !     e) Lisa !

 

10- Please chose the negative imperative form of the above-given verb for 2.person plural

 

a) In Line !     b) Line !      c) In Li !      d) In Lisa !      e) Lisa !